The Romans are credited with launching the first truly public libraries in the ancient world. Asinius Pollio established the first public library in Rome, followed by Augustus, who founded a library on the Palatine hill. Others followed, notably Vespasian, who built a library as part of the Temple of Peace at the end of the First Jewish War (66–73 CE). Houston notes that Titus, Vespasian’s son and the general victorious over the Jews, seized the Jerusalem temple library as part of the spoils of victory